BMCR 2007.03.19

Response: Turfa on Turfa on Bartoloni and Delpino (edd.), Oriente e Occidente

Response to 2006.08.10

Response by

Prof. Albert Nijboer has kindly brought to my attention his additional articles-in-press that further contribute to the absolute dating of the early colonies and history in the Mediterranean; they should be considered essential for consideration of radiocarbon dates and chronology in general:

“An interpretation of the radiocarbon determinations of the oldest indigenous-Phoenician stratum thus far, excavated at Huelva, Tartessos (south-west Spain),” BABesch 81 (2006) 31-36. High-quality samples place Phoenicians in Huelva, on the Atlantic coast of Iberia, by the first half of the 9th century BC, and will surely be cited in future to support identification of this region with the Tartessos of Greek historians as well as the goal of the ships of Tarshish dispatched by Solomon and Hiram I of Tyre. The findings mesh with radiocarbon dates from Sant’Imbenia (Sardinia) and Carthage, and should prompt re-evaluation of the Greek pottery chronologies linked to them.

“The Iron Age in the Mediterranean: A Chronological Mess or ‘Trade Before the Flag,’ Part II,” in The Iron Age in the Mediterranean ( Ancient West and East vol. 4 no. 2, Leiden, Brill 2006) 255-277. Covers 10th through 8th centuries BC across the Mediterranean, with reference to European radiocarbon dates, the corrected Gordion chronology and the low-vs-high chronology debate for the Levant.

Two more articles in special volumes, for which I thank their author, David Ridgway, should also be noted as they provide additional analysis of Late Bronze and Iron Age material culture, trade and colonization in the central and western Mediterranean, particularly sites affected by the new radiocarbon findings:

“Aspects of the ‘Italian connection’,” in Ancient Greece: From the Mycenaean Palaces to the Age of Homer (Edinburgh Leventis Studies 3, eds. S. Deger-Jalkotzy and I.S. Lemos, Edinburgh University Press 2006) 299-313.

“Early Greek Imports in Sardinia,” in Greek Colonisation. An Account of Greek Colonies and Other Settlements Overseas, vol. 1 (ed. G. Tsetskhladze, Brill, Leiden 2006) 239-252.