Open access   This book traces the meaning of humanitas from the late Republic to the late Empire in order to provide an answer to a long-standing issue surrounding the concept of humanitas: whether humanitas should be interpreted as παιδεία (education) or as φιλανθρωπία (humanity). In the preface, the book introduces the research history on … Continue reading “Humanitas” in the imperial age: from Pliny the Younger to Symmachus