.  

1.   FGrH 790 F 2.14, though the situation might not be quite so straightforward, see A. I. Baumgarten, The Phoenician History of Philo of Byblos (Leiden, 1981), 170-74.

2.   MRR 1, p. 423 n. 6 reviewing the possibilities.

3.   Curiously enough distinct from africanae, and possibly already domesticated at a zoo in some part of Italy, as we know they were later.

4.   Plin. NH 8.134; Vir. Aen. 5.37 with Palmer p. 43 n. 71.

5.   I am indebted to Professor B. Schmidt for discussion on this point.